Improvement in mordants



UNITE STATES PATENT QFFIGE,

FREDERICK J. BIRD, OE STROUD, ENGLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN MORDANTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 177,987, dated May 30,1876 application filed March 17-, 1876. i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK JosEPH BIRD, of Stroud, in the county ofGloucester, England, dyer, have invented an Improvement in Mordants forDyeing Woolen and Cotton Goods, of which the following is aspecification Difficulty has heretofore been experienced in dyeingwoolen and cotton, or other union goods in the piece, because themordants employed for one fiber are not adapted to the other, and hencea second mordant has to be employed, greatly increasing the labor andoften injuring the fabric.

My improved mordant' is adapted to use with cotton or union goods, andis of a character to prepare the entire fibers for the subsequent dyeingoperation, so that the use of two lnordants is rendered unnecessary.

V My invention relates to a mordant containin g tannin or tannic acidand alum or cream of tartar as the principal ingredients, and I find itpreferable to employ the same in the following manner About eighteenhundred-Weight of gall-nuts; three hundred-weight of pure tannin ortannic acid; half a hundred-weight of alum or anequivalent, such ascream of tartar or tartaric acid fourteen pounds of crystals of tin. Analkali, such as soda, by preference, is used to the extent of about halfa hundred-weight, and adhesive material, such as starch, flour, or gum,to the extent of about three-quarters of a hundred-Weight.

These'substances are to be thoroughly ground together into a finepowder, and sifted through a fine sieve, and coarse particles reground,and the mass is mixed to produce entire uniformity.

This mordant is to bekept dry, and when used it is dissolved in hotwater and applied in the ordinary manner tothe fabric, or to the libelbefore Weaving.

I claim as my invention- The composition herein described of gall nuts,tannin, alum, tin, and soda, or ingredients possessing similarproperties, substantially as set forth.'.

Signed by me this 30th day of December, A. D. 1875.

g F. J. BIRD. Witnesses: V

J NO. R. HAVILAND, Docks, Gloucester.

W. Z.-VEALE, Clerk at the U. S. Consulate, Gloucester.

